Al-Azhar University

Al-Azhar University Students study the Quran and Islamic

Founded Al-Azhar University in 970

by the Fatimid Caliphate as a centre of Islamic learning,

for studied the Quran and Islamic law in detail

Beside that logic, grammar, rhetoric,

and how to calculate the phases of the moon Beside that. 

in Today, it is the chief centre of Arabic literature and Islamic learning in the world.

https://youtu.be/s3S0MY4Mlww

Al-Azhar University Beginnings under the Fatimids

Al-Azhar is one of the relics of the Isma'ili Shia Fatimid dynasty,

Because the Fatimids claimed that they were descendants of Fatima,

the daughter of the Messenger of alla Muhammad,

and the wife of Ali, son-in-law and cousin of the Messenger of God Muhammad.

and since Fatima was al Zahra.

The Fatimid leader Jawhar al-Siqilli founded al-Azhar as a mosque

The Caliph Al-Muizz li-Din Allah ordered the construction of Al-Azhar

Al-Mu'izz Al-Din, who founded the city of Cairo.

In Ramadan in the year 975, studies began at Al-Azhar in the year 975

Al-Azhar University had faculties in Islamic law, jurisprudence and Arabic grammar,

As well as the faculties of Islamic astronomy, Islamic philosophy and logic.

Saladin and Al-Azhar University

the 12th century, 

after following the overthrow of the Isma'ili Fatimid dynasty, 

after that Saladin (the founder of the Sunni Ayyubid Dynasty) come

  Saladin introduced the college system in Egypt, 

which was also adopted in Al-Azhar,Under this system, 

so the college was a separate institution within the mosque compound, 

with its own classrooms, dormitories and a library.

Al-Azhar University in the Mamluk era

Al-Azhar University

for that Al-Azhar gained influence and rose in prestige.

so The Mamluks established salaries for instructors

and stipends for the students

and gave the institution an endowment.

Outside the mosque, a college was built for Al-Azhar  in 1340 AD. 

In the late 1400s, the buildings were renovated and new dormitories

were built for the students.

but During this time Cairo had 70 other institutions of Islamic learning,

However, Al-Azhar attracted many scholars due to its prestige.

For example, the famous Ibn Khaldun studied at Al-Azhar in 1383 AD

in the Ottomans era

Al-Azhar University

in During the Ottoman period,

Become Al-Azhar's prestige and influence grew to the point of becoming

the preeminent institution for Islamic learning in the Sunni Muslim world.

and through this time, he became the Sheikh of Al-Azhar.,

an office the Shaykh Al-Azhar, given the leading scholar at the institution;

befor this the head of the institution was not necessarily a scholar.

Therefore, it was the sheikh who determined (the professor)

whether the student had sufficient training to enter (the leave).

so The average length of study was 6 years.

Despite the lack of bureaucracy,

the training remained vigorous and prolonged.

But loosely organized the students into a riwaq (a kind of brotherhood)

according to the nationality of

the students and the branch of Islamic law the students studied

By the mid 19thC

al-Azhar had surpassed Istanbul

and al-Azhar was considered the mecca of Sunni legal expertise

a main centre of power in the Islamic world

Becom a rival to Damascus, Mecca and Baghdad.

When Egypt became a kingdom in 1923,

Therefore, the King postponed the signing of the new constitution of the nation

Because of King Fuad I's insistence that Al-Azhar and other religious institutions

were to be subject to him and not the Egyptian parliament.

after that The King Fuad I Edition of the َQuran was first published

on 10 July 1924 by a committee from Al-Azhar University

for exampl Prominent committee members included Islamic scholar, Muhammad b. ‘

Ali al-Husayni al-Haddad. Noteworthy Western scholars